INCONEL® Alloy 690: Comprehensive Product Introduction
Introduction to INCONEL® Alloy 690
INCONEL® alloy 690 is a high-chromium nickel alloy known for its exceptional resistance to corrosion, particularly in high-temperature environments. Developed as a specialized alloy, INCONEL® 690 offers superior resistance to stress corrosion cracking, oxidation, and carburization compared to other nickel-based alloys. This article provides a detailed overview of INCONEL® alloy 690, covering its chemical composition, mechanical properties, performance at different temperatures, corresponding grades, industry applications, available forms, sizes, and production standards across various countries.
Chemical Composition of INCONEL® Alloy 690
INCONEL® alloy 690 is composed of specific elements to achieve its superior corrosion-resistant properties:
| Element | Composition (%) |
|---|---|
| Nickel (Ni) | 58.0 min |
| Chromium (Cr) | 27.0-31.0 |
| Iron (Fe) | 7.0-11.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | 0.5 max |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.5 max |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.5 max |
| Carbon (C) | 0.05 max |
| Sulfur (S) | 0.015 max |
| Phosphorus (P) | 0.015 max |
Mechanical Properties of INCONEL® Alloy 690
INCONEL® alloy 690 exhibits robust mechanical properties suitable for high-temperature applications:
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Tensile Strength | 760 MPa (110 ksi) min |
| Yield Strength (0.2% offset) | 345 MPa (50 ksi) min |
| Elongation | 30% min |
| Hardness (Brinell) | 200-250 (varies with heat treatment) |
| Density | 8.19 g/cm³ |
Performance at Different Temperatures
INCONEL® alloy 690 maintains its corrosion resistance and mechanical properties across a wide range of temperatures:
| Temperature Range | Performance |
|---|---|
| Room Temperature | High resistance to corrosion and mechanical strength |
| Elevated Temperatures (up to 1000°C / 1832°F) | Retains strength and oxidation resistance |
| Cryogenic Temperatures | Maintains ductility and toughness |
Corresponding Grades in Different Countries
INCONEL® alloy 690 is recognized by various grades in different countries and regions:
| Country/Region | Grade |
|---|---|
| USA | UNS N06690 |
| Germany | 2.4642 |
| France | – |
| UK | – |
| Japan | – |
| China | – |
Standard Forms, Sizes, and Production Standards
Forms and Sizes
INCONEL® alloy 690 is available in various forms and sizes to meet industrial requirements:
| Form | Size Range |
|---|---|
| Sheets | Thickness: 0.1 mm – 50 mm |
| Plates | Thickness: 0.3 mm – 100 mm |
| Bars | Diameter: 5 mm – 300 mm |
| Wire | Diameter: 0.1 mm – 10 mm |
| Tubes | Outer Diameter: 6 mm – 200 mm |
| Pipes | Outer Diameter: 10 mm – 300 mm |
| Fittings | Various configurations as per standards |
| Forgings | Various shapes and sizes as per standards |
Production Standards
INCONEL® alloy 690 conforms to international production standards:
| Standard | Description |
|---|---|
| ASTM B167/B829 | Seamless and welded tubes |
| ASTM B564 | Forgings |
| ASTM B166 | Bars and rods |
| ASTM B168 | Plates and sheets |
| ASTM B366 | Fittings |
Industry Applications of INCONEL® Alloy 690
INCONEL® alloy 690 is utilized across various industries due to its exceptional corrosion resistance and mechanical properties:
- Chemical Processing: Reactors, heat exchangers, and piping systems in corrosive environments.
- Nuclear Power: Steam generators and reactor core components.
- Power Generation: Coal gasification equipment, flare stacks, and hydrogen reformers.
- Oil and Gas: Equipment in sour gas environments, including desulfurization units and offshore platforms.
- Aerospace: Engine components and thrust reversers.
Advantages of INCONEL® Alloy 690
- Superior Corrosion Resistance: Excellent resistance to stress corrosion cracking, oxidation, and carburization.
- High Strength: Maintains mechanical integrity at elevated temperatures.
- Versatility: Suitable for both oxidizing and reducing environments.
- Longevity: Provides long-term reliability in aggressive industrial applications.
Conclusion
INCONEL® alloy 690 stands as a high-performance alloy renowned for its superior corrosion resistance and mechanical properties in challenging environments. With its specific chemical composition, robust mechanical characteristics, and adherence to international standards, it serves critical applications across global industries. Engineers and designers seeking durable and reliable materials for high-temperature and corrosive environments can confidently consider INCONEL® alloy 690 for their projects.
For detailed technical specifications and further inquiries, referencing specific product data sheets and consulting with manufacturers is recommended.
This comprehensive introduction and detailed data sheet provide a thorough overview of INCONEL® alloy 690, emphasizing its chemical composition, mechanical properties, performance characteristics at different temperatures, applications, and advantages in demanding industrial environments across various countries.