Haynes® 188 (Alloy 188) UNS R30188 Product Introduction
Haynes® 188, also known as Alloy 188 and designated as UNS R30188, is a cobalt-based superalloy renowned for its excellent high-temperature strength, oxidation resistance, and fabricability. This article provides a comprehensive introduction to Haynes® 188, covering its chemical composition, mechanical properties, performance at different temperatures, industry applications, shapes and sizes, production standards, welding and processing capabilities, advantages and disadvantages, and a comparison with similar alloys.
Thành phần hóa học
Haynes® 188 is primarily composed of cobalt with significant additions of chromium, tungsten, nickel, and other elements to enhance its mechanical and thermal properties:
| Yếu tố | Thành phần (%) |
|---|---|
| Coban (Co) | 39.0 – 41.0 |
| Crom (Cr) | 20.0 – 24.0 |
| Niken (Ni) | 20.0 – 24.0 |
| Vonfram (W) | 13.0 – 15.0 |
| Sắt (Fe) | tối đa 3.0 |
| Molypden (Mo) | 2,0 – 3,0 |
| Mangan (Mn) | tối đa 1,0 |
| Silic (Si) | 0tối đa 0,5 |
| Cacbon (C) | 00,05 – 0,15 |
| Boron (B) | 0.01 – 0.05 |
Tính chất cơ học
Haynes® 188 exhibits exceptional mechanical properties suitable for high-temperature applications:
| Tài sản | Giá trị |
|---|---|
| Độ bền kéo, ksi (MPa) | 130 – 150 (896 – 1034) |
| Cường độ năng suất (bù 0,2%), ksi (MPa) | 65 – 75 (448 – 517) |
| Độ giãn dài (% tính bằng 2 inch) | 20 – 30 |
| Độ cứng, Rockwell C (HRC) | 34 – 40 |
Đặc tính hiệu suất
Haynes® 188 offers several performance advantages:
- High-Temperature Strength: Maintains excellent mechanical properties at temperatures up to 1093°C (2000°F), making it suitable for gas turbine engine components, such as turbine blades, combustors, and afterburners.
- Oxidation Resistance: Exhibits superior resistance to oxidation and corrosion in high-temperature environments, extending component lifetimes.
- Fabricability: Provides good weldability and formability, allowing for complex shapes and configurations.
Ứng dụng công nghiệp
Haynes® 188 is widely used in industries where high strength and corrosion resistance at elevated temperatures are critical:
| Ngành công nghiệp | Các ứng dụng |
|---|---|
| Hàng không vũ trụ | Gas turbine components, including blades, combustors, and transition ducts. |
| Sản xuất điện | Turbine hot-section components, heat exchangers, and industrial furnace parts. |
| Xử lý hóa học | High-temperature reactors, catalyst grid supports, and combustion chamber linings. |
Hình dạng và kích thước
Haynes® 188 is available in various forms and sizes to meet specific application needs:
- Các hình thức: Sheets, plates, bars, forgings, and wire.
- Kích thước: Thickness ranging from 0.5 mm to 100 mm for plates, and diameter ranging from 1 mm to 300 mm for round bars.
Tiêu chuẩn sản xuất
Haynes® 188 conforms to international production standards ensuring quality and reliability:
| Mẫu sản phẩm | Hình dạng có sẵn | Kích cỡ có sẵn | Tiêu chuẩn sản xuất |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tấm/tấm | Tấm, tấm | Thickness: 0.5 mm – 100 mm | ASTM B435, AMS 5608 |
| Thanh/Thanh | Thanh tròn, thanh vuông | Đường kính: 1 mm – 300 mm | ASTM B572, AMS 5608 |
| rèn | Blocks, Discs, Rings | Size: Customized | ASTM B637, AMS 5772 |
Hàn và Gia công
Haynes® 188 offers good weldability and processing characteristics:
- Hàn: Can be welded using methods such as TIG, MIG, and resistance welding. Preheating and post-weld heat treatment may be required to maintain properties.
- Khả năng gia công: Generally machined in the solution-annealed condition using carbide tools and appropriate cutting fluids.
Ưu điểm và nhược điểm
| Diện mạo | Chi tiết |
|---|---|
| Thuận lợi | Excellent high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance, good fabricability and weldability, and long service life in aggressive environments. |
| Nhược điểm | Higher cost compared to standard materials, requires specialized processing and handling due to its high strength and alloying elements. |
So sánh với các hợp kim tương tự
Haynes® 188 (UNS R30188) is often compared with other cobalt-based superalloys such as Haynes® 25 and Haynes® 230. Here’s a brief comparison:
| Loại hợp kim/Thuộc tính | Haynes® 188 | Haynes® 25 | Haynes® 230 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Thành phần hóa học | Cobalt, chromium, nickel, tungsten, molybdenum for high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance. | Cobalt, chromium, nickel, tungsten, molybdenum for high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance. | Cobalt, chromium, nickel, tungsten, molybdenum for high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance. |
| Tính chất cơ học | High tensile and yield strength, good ductility and formability. | Similar tensile and yield strength, good resistance to thermal fatigue and oxidation. | Higher tensile and yield strength compared to Haynes® 188, excellent thermal stability and corrosion resistance. |
| Các ứng dụng | Gas turbine components, aerospace hot-section parts, industrial furnace components. | Aerospace components, gas turbine combustors, industrial furnace parts. | Aerospace and industrial gas turbine components requiring high-temperature strength and corrosion resistance. |
This detailed article introduces Haynes® 188 (Alloy 188, UNS R30188), highlighting its chemical composition, mechanical properties, performance characteristics, industry applications, available forms and sizes, production standards, welding and processing capabilities, as well as advantages, disadvantages, and a comparison with similar alloys. Engineers and professionals seeking a reliable, high-temperature superalloy for demanding applications in aerospace, power generation, and chemical processing will find Haynes® 188 well-suited for use in extreme environments.