Haynes® 188 (Alloy 188) UNS R30188 Product Introduction
Haynes® 188, also known as Alloy 188 and designated as UNS R30188, is a cobalt-based superalloy renowned for its excellent high-temperature strength, oxidation resistance, and fabricability. This article provides a comprehensive introduction to Haynes® 188, covering its chemical composition, mechanical properties, performance at different temperatures, industry applications, shapes and sizes, production standards, welding and processing capabilities, advantages and disadvantages, and a comparison with similar alloys.
Composition chimique
Haynes® 188 is primarily composed of cobalt with significant additions of chromium, tungsten, nickel, and other elements to enhance its mechanical and thermal properties:
| Élément | Composition (%) |
|---|---|
| Cobalt (Co) | 39.0 – 41.0 |
| Chrome (Cr) | 20.0 – 24.0 |
| Nickel (Ni) | 20.0 – 24.0 |
| Tungstène (W) | 13.0 – 15.0 |
| Fer (Fe) | 3,0 maximum |
| Molybdène (Mo) | 2,0 – 3,0 |
| Manganèse (Mn) | 1,0 maximum |
| Silicium (Si) | 00,5 maximum |
| Carbone (C) | 00,05 – 0,15 |
| Bore (B) | 0.01 – 0.05 |
Propriétés mécaniques
Haynes® 188 exhibits exceptional mechanical properties suitable for high-temperature applications:
| Propriété | Valeur |
|---|---|
| Résistance à la traction, ksi (MPa) | 130 – 150 (896 – 1034) |
| Limite d'élasticité (compensation de 0,2 %), ksi (MPa) | 65 – 75 (448 – 517) |
| Allongement (% en 2 pouces) | 20 – 30 |
| Dureté, Rockwell C (HRC) | 34 – 40 |
Caractéristiques de performance
Haynes® 188 offers several performance advantages:
- Résistance à haute température : Maintains excellent mechanical properties at temperatures up to 1093°C (2000°F), making it suitable for gas turbine engine components, such as turbine blades, combustors, and afterburners.
- Oxidation Resistance: Exhibits superior resistance to oxidation and corrosion in high-temperature environments, extending component lifetimes.
- Fabricability: Provides good weldability and formability, allowing for complex shapes and configurations.
Applications industrielles
Haynes® 188 is widely used in industries where high strength and corrosion resistance at elevated temperatures are critical:
| Secteur industriel | Applications |
|---|---|
| Aérospatial | Gas turbine components, including blades, combustors, and transition ducts. |
| Production d'électricité | Turbine hot-section components, heat exchangers, and industrial furnace parts. |
| Traitement chimique | High-temperature reactors, catalyst grid supports, and combustion chamber linings. |
Formes et tailles
Haynes® 188 is available in various forms and sizes to meet specific application needs:
- Formes: Feuilles, plaques, barres, pièces forgées et fils.
- Tailles : Épaisseur allant de 0,5 mm à 100 mm pour les plaques, et diamètre allant de 1 mm à 300 mm pour les barres rondes.
Normes de production
Haynes® 188 conforms to international production standards ensuring quality and reliability:
| Formulaire de produit | Formes disponibles | Tailles disponibles | Normes de production |
|---|---|---|---|
| Plaques/Feuilles | Feuilles, plaques | Épaisseur : 0,5 mm – 100 mm | ASTM B435, AMS 5608 |
| Barres/tiges | Barres rondes, barres carrées | Diamètre : 1 mm – 300 mm | ASTM B572, AMS 5608 |
| Pièces forgées | Blocs, disques, anneaux | Taille : Adapté aux besoins du client | ASTM B637, AMS 5772 |
Soudage et transformation
Haynes® 188 offers good weldability and processing characteristics:
- Soudage: Peut être soudé en utilisant des méthodes telles que le soudage TIG, MIG et par résistance. Un préchauffage et un traitement thermique après soudage peuvent être nécessaires pour conserver les propriétés.
- Usinabilité : Généralement usiné dans un état recuit en solution à l'aide d'outils en carbure et de fluides de coupe appropriés.
Avantages et inconvénients
| Aspect | Détails |
|---|---|
| Avantages | Excellent high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance, good fabricability and weldability, and long service life in aggressive environments. |
| Désavantages | Higher cost compared to standard materials, requires specialized processing and handling due to its high strength and alloying elements. |
Comparaison avec des alliages similaires
Haynes® 188 (UNS R30188) is often compared with other cobalt-based superalloys such as Haynes® 25 and Haynes® 230. Here’s a brief comparison:
| Type/propriété de l'alliage | Haynes® 188 | Haynes® 25 | Haynes® 230 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Composition chimique | Cobalt, chromium, nickel, tungsten, molybdenum for high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance. | Cobalt, chromium, nickel, tungsten, molybdenum for high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance. | Cobalt, chromium, nickel, tungsten, molybdenum for high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance. |
| Propriétés mécaniques | High tensile and yield strength, good ductility and formability. | Similar tensile and yield strength, good resistance to thermal fatigue and oxidation. | Higher tensile and yield strength compared to Haynes® 188, excellent thermal stability and corrosion resistance. |
| Applications | Gas turbine components, aerospace hot-section parts, industrial furnace components. | Aerospace components, gas turbine combustors, industrial furnace parts. | Aerospace and industrial gas turbine components requiring high-temperature strength and corrosion resistance. |
This detailed article introduces Haynes® 188 (Alloy 188, UNS R30188), highlighting its chemical composition, mechanical properties, performance characteristics, industry applications, available forms and sizes, production standards, welding and processing capabilities, as well as advantages, disadvantages, and a comparison with similar alloys. Engineers and professionals seeking a reliable, high-temperature superalloy for demanding applications in aerospace, power generation, and chemical processing will find Haynes® 188 well-suited for use in extreme environments.