Haynes® 188 (Alloy 188) UNS R30188 Product Introduction
Haynes® 188, also known as Alloy 188 and designated as UNS R30188, is a cobalt-based superalloy renowned for its excellent high-temperature strength, oxidation resistance, and fabricability. This article provides a comprehensive introduction to Haynes® 188, covering its chemical composition, mechanical properties, performance at different temperatures, industry applications, shapes and sizes, production standards, welding and processing capabilities, advantages and disadvantages, and a comparison with similar alloys.
화학적 구성 요소
Haynes® 188 is primarily composed of cobalt with significant additions of chromium, tungsten, nickel, and other elements to enhance its mechanical and thermal properties:
| 요소 | 구성 (%) |
|---|---|
| 코발트(Co) | 39.0 – 41.0 |
| 크롬(Cr) | 20.0 – 24.0 |
| 니켈(Ni) | 20.0 – 24.0 |
| 텅스텐(W) | 13.0 – 15.0 |
| 철(Fe) | 최대 3.0 |
| 몰리브덴(Mo) | 2.0 – 3.0 |
| 망간(Mn) | 최대 1.0 |
| 실리콘(Si) | 0최대 0.5 |
| 탄소(C) | 0.05 – 0.15 |
| 붕소(B) | 0.01 – 0.05 |
기계적 성질
Haynes® 188 exhibits exceptional mechanical properties suitable for high-temperature applications:
| 재산 | 값 |
|---|---|
| 인장 강도, ksi(MPa) | 130 – 150 (896 – 1034) |
| 항복 강도(0.2% 오프셋), ksi(MPa) | 65 – 75 (448 – 517) |
| 신율(2인치 단위의 %) | 20 – 30 |
| 경도, 로크웰 C(HRC) | 34 – 40 |
성능 특성
Haynes® 188 offers several performance advantages:
- 고온 강도: Maintains excellent mechanical properties at temperatures up to 1093°C (2000°F), making it suitable for gas turbine engine components, such as turbine blades, combustors, and afterburners.
- 산화 저항: Exhibits superior resistance to oxidation and corrosion in high-temperature environments, extending component lifetimes.
- Fabricability: Provides good weldability and formability, allowing for complex shapes and configurations.
산업 응용
Haynes® 188 is widely used in industries where high strength and corrosion resistance at elevated temperatures are critical:
| 산업 분야 | 애플리케이션 |
|---|---|
| 항공우주 | Gas turbine components, including blades, combustors, and transition ducts. |
| 발전 | Turbine hot-section components, heat exchangers, and industrial furnace parts. |
| 화학 처리 | High-temperature reactors, catalyst grid supports, and combustion chamber linings. |
모양과 크기
Haynes® 188 is available in various forms and sizes to meet specific application needs:
- 양식: 시트, 플레이트, 바, 단조품, 와이어.
- 크기: 플레이트의 경우 두께 범위는 0.5mm ~ 100mm이고, 둥근 막대의 경우 직경 범위는 1mm ~ 300mm입니다.
생산 표준
Haynes® 188 conforms to international production standards ensuring quality and reliability:
| 제품 형태 | 사용 가능한 모양 | 사용 가능한 크기 | 생산 표준 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 플레이트/시트 | 시트, 플레이트 | 두께: 0.5mm – 100mm | ASTM B435, AMS 5608 |
| 바/막대 | 원형바, 사각바 | 직경: 1mm – 300mm | ASTM B572, AMS 5608 |
| 단조품 | 블록, 디스크, 링 | 크기: 맞춤형 | ASTM B637, AMS 5772 |
용접 및 가공
Haynes® 188 offers good weldability and processing characteristics:
- 용접: TIG, MIG, 저항 용접 등의 방법을 사용하여 용접할 수 있습니다. 특성을 유지하려면 예열 및 용접 후 열처리가 필요할 수 있습니다.
- 가공성: 일반적으로 초경 공구와 적절한 절삭유를 사용하여 용체화 어닐링 상태로 가공됩니다.
장점과 단점
| 측면 | 세부 |
|---|---|
| 장점 | Excellent high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance, good fabricability and weldability, and long service life in aggressive environments. |
| 단점 | Higher cost compared to standard materials, requires specialized processing and handling due to its high strength and alloying elements. |
유사한 합금과의 비교
Haynes® 188 (UNS R30188) is often compared with other cobalt-based superalloys such as Haynes® 25 and Haynes® 230. Here’s a brief comparison:
| 합금 유형/속성 | Haynes® 188 | Haynes® 25 | Haynes® 230 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 화학적 구성 요소 | Cobalt, chromium, nickel, tungsten, molybdenum for high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance. | Cobalt, chromium, nickel, tungsten, molybdenum for high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance. | Cobalt, chromium, nickel, tungsten, molybdenum for high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance. |
| 기계적 성질 | High tensile and yield strength, good ductility and formability. | Similar tensile and yield strength, good resistance to thermal fatigue and oxidation. | Higher tensile and yield strength compared to Haynes® 188, excellent thermal stability and corrosion resistance. |
| 애플리케이션 | Gas turbine components, aerospace hot-section parts, industrial furnace components. | Aerospace components, gas turbine combustors, industrial furnace parts. | Aerospace and industrial gas turbine components requiring high-temperature strength and corrosion resistance. |
This detailed article introduces Haynes® 188 (Alloy 188, UNS R30188), highlighting its chemical composition, mechanical properties, performance characteristics, industry applications, available forms and sizes, production standards, welding and processing capabilities, as well as advantages, disadvantages, and a comparison with similar alloys. Engineers and professionals seeking a reliable, high-temperature superalloy for demanding applications in aerospace, power generation, and chemical processing will find Haynes® 188 well-suited for use in extreme environments.